Goals and objectives of the research – The objective of this research is to shed light on the multiethnicity of the Central Asian countries and their language plurality and examine the development of their broadly dispersed and boundary-spanning language capabilities from the economic perspective

Methodology – This paper reviews and analyzes secondary sources and primary data qualitatively.

Results/Findings – The findings illustrate that the Central Asian countries possess a notable language-resource base that can serve as a crucial asset in connecting economies via trade and collaboration, i.e. contribute to the national competitiveness

Novelty/Originality/Value – Studies addressing the economic impact of Central Asian language heritage are very limited, this is among the few examinations that link these language assets with economic relations and development

Theoretical or Practical Implications – The study points out that regional and minority languages are potentially relevant assets to be considered - beyond cultural heritage - especially regarding international economic and trade relations, not only dominant global business languages. It also suggests that minorities and diasporas are important boundary spanners and connectors across economies with their language and communication resources.

Legal regulation of the international financial system in General and the securities market in particular is a problem that has a certain degree of importance and timeliness due to its determining influence on the world economy. Therefore, the analysis of existing approaches to the classification of securities, which is the subject of this article, is an important component of the Institute of legal security of securities. In this article, the author attempted to analyze the number of financial instruments that are recognized as securities in accordance with the current civil legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Given their considerable number, the question of their classification arises.

To achieve the goals of the study, the author widely used comparative legal analysis, which allowed us to identify the main differences and characteristics inherent in certain securities, according to the legislation of Kazakhstan.

The analysis carried out in this article is aimed at identifying the main classification features of securities, on the basis of which their legal status is determined under the national legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The main conclusions are concentrated on the table, the data of which are confirmed by both doctrinal sources and normative-legal ones.

A comprehensive study of the classification of securities will make it possible to better understand the main directions for determining the legal status of a particular security, which will solve many contradictions of modern legal regulation, which is characterized by incompleteness and the presence of extensive "gray" zones.

Also, the conclusion on the classification of securities from the point of view of the national legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan will allow for comprehensive legal regulation of the needs of participants in civil turnover.

The novelty is determined by the fact that the data obtained as a result of the study can give an impetus to the further development of market relations in the country by restoring a number of forgotten legal instruments used in the securities market.

Goals and objectives of the research – The goal of the article is to analyze the international experience in implementing digitalization, both in the private and public sectors of the economy. The objectives of the article are the analysis of the digitalization implementation algorithm in foreign enterprises and the adaptation of this algorithm for most Kazakhstani entrepreneurs, taking into account the specifics of doing business in Kazakhstan. Investigation of logical chain, which introduces digitalization in large world companies. It begins from the first department that has undergone digitalization to obtaining the final result from the process for the company. 

Methodology – To solve the tasks set in the article we used system, logical, comparative-analytical methods. The provisions and conclusions are illustrated by statistical data presented in tables, diagrams, diagrams, accompanied by references to scientific literature and legal acts.

Results/Findings – The conclusion is made about the importance of implementing digitalization in business, regardless of the size of the enterprise itself. The examples of digitalization implementation in foreign companies are analyzed. Based on the analysis of foreign experience, an algorithm for the introduction of digitalization for most businesses in Kazakhstan has been compiled.

Novelty/Originality/Value – there are several factors that allow increasing digital technologies in all areas of industry in Kazakhstan. Digital technologies provide an incentive for the development of new areas in SMEs. This fact pushes to review legislation of the country and develop a transit direction in trade.

Theoretical or Practical Implications – The digitalization implementation algorithms discussed in the article in foreign companies and the algorithm for domestic entrepreneurs can be used both to improve business strategies by company leaders and government agencies in Kazakhstan to create an internal development program and encourage the introduction of new technologies and digitalization in state enterprises.

This work is an attempt to contribute to thinking about the institutional framework of corporate governance in the context of its evolution in the developing and emerging markets (DEM). We raise the question whether the DEM countries adapt the mechanisms and practices of the corporate governance models of leading economies. We first introduce the concept and genealogy of the new institutional economy. Then we trace the specifics of the modern models of corporate governance and the main factors affecting these models. We finally engage in critical reflection on the problems in corporate governance in both developed and developing markets through the prism of the fundamental, institutional features of each country.