The Impact of Internal Migration on the Economic Development of Kazakhstan’s Regions
Aruzhan Jussibaliyeva,
Perizat Orynbet,
Rimma Parmanova,
Gulmira Rysmakhanova,
Galiya Bermukhamedova https://doi.org/10.47703/ejebs.v69i1.487
Abstract
Internal migration of the population has a significant impact on the socio-economic development of regions, particularly in countries with vast territories and diverse economic conditions, such as Kazakhstan. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between internal migration and the gross regional product (GRP) in Kazakhstan's regions. The official statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2013-2023, covering GRP indicators and internal migration flows of the population, were used as the initial data. The analysis included the calculation of average shares of urban and rural migration, as well as the average GRP level for each region. The results showed that at the national level, there was a moderate positive correlation between the share of urban migration and GRP (+0.411, p = 0,219), as well as a negative correlation between rural migration and GRP (- 0.411, p = 0,219), reflecting the general trend in favour of urbanization. At the regional level, the most significant correlations were recorded in the Kyzylorda region and Shymkent сity. The developed typology, based on median values, revealed the existence of four stable spatial development patterns: regions with a high proportion of migrants; regions with a high percentage of urban migrants and low GRP; regions with a small proportion of urban migrants but high GRP; and regions with few urban migrants and a low GRP. Future research paths may aim to expand the model by incorporating additional variables, such as employment, education, and quality of life, in the regions.
About the Authors
Aruzhan Jussibaliyeva
Caspian Public University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Cand. Sc. (Econ.), Full Professor, Email: d_aruzhan2011@mail.ru
Perizat Orynbet
Rimma Parmanova
Caspian Public University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Cand. Sc. (Econ.), Associate Professor, Email: rimma200675@mail.ru
Gulmira Rysmakhanova
Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Cand. Sc. (Econ.), Docent, Email: fpkido2010@mail.ru
Galiya Bermukhamedova
Caspian University of Technology and Engineering named after Sh. Yessenov, Aktau, Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Associate Professor, Email: galiya.bermukhamedova@yu.edu.kz
References
1. Abreu, A. (2012). The new economics of labor migration: Beware of neoclassicals bearing gifts. In Forum for social economics, 41(1), 46-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12143-010-9077-2
2. Amara, M., & Jemmali, H. (2016). Deciphering the relationship between internal migration and regional disparities in Tunisia. Social Indicators Research, 135, 313-331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-016-1487-y
3. Amaral, E.F. (2013). Brazil: internal migration. In The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444351071.wbeghm075
4. Calcagnini, G., Marin, G., & Perugini, F. (2021). Labour flexibility, internal migration and productivity in Italian regions. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 57, 308-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2021.04.004
5. Czaika, M. (2015). Migration and economic prospects. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 41(1), 58-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2014.924848
6. Danzer, A. M., Dietz, B., Gatskova, K., & Schmillen, A. (2014). Showing off to the new neighbors? Income, socioeconomic status and consumption patterns of internal migrants. Journal of comparative economics, 42(1), 230-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2013.05.002
7. Dao, T. H., Docquier, F., Parsons, C., & Peri, G. (2018). Migration and development: Dissecting the anatomy of the mobility transition. Journal of Development Economics, 132, 88-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JDEVECO.2017.12.003
8. de Sherbinin, A., Grace, K., McDermid, S., Van der Geest, K., Puma, M. J., & Bell, A. (2022). Migration theory in climate mobility research. Frontiers in Climate, 4, 882343. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2022.882343
9. Elizaga, J.C. (1972). Internal migration: an overview. International Migration Review, 6(2), 121-146. https://doi.org/10.1177/019791837200600202
10. González-Leonardo, M., López-Gay, A., & Esteve, A. (2022). Interregional migration of human capital in Spain. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 9(1), 324-342. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2022.2060131
11. Jedwab, R., Christiaensen, L., & Gindelsky, M. (2017). Demography, urbanization and development: Rural push, urban pull and… urban push? Journal of Urban Economics, 98, 6-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2015.09.002
12. Icduygu, A., Sirkeci, I., & Muradoglu, G. (2001). Socio‐economic development and international migration: a Turkish study. International Migration, 39(4), 39-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2435.00162
13. Lin, X., Zhao, Y., Ahmad, M., Ahmed, Z., Rjoub, H., & Adebayo, T. S. (2021). Linking innovative human capital, economic growth, and CO2 emissions: an empirical study based on Chinese provincial panel data. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(16), 8503. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168503
14. Massey, D. S., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaouci, A., Pellegrino, A., & Taylor, J. E. (1994). An evaluation of international migration theory: The North American case. Population and development Review, 20(4), 699-751. https://doi.org/10.2307/2137660
15. Mendola, M. (2012). Rural out‐migration and economic development at origin: A review of the evidence. Journal of International Development, 24(1), 102-122. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.1684
16. Mikačić, V. (2000). Spatial mobility of the population of Croatia–Internal migration. Hrvatski geografski glasnik, 62(1.), 1-21. https://hrcak.srce.hr/71669
17. Mohabir, N., Jiang, Y., & Ma, R. (2017). Chinese floating migrants: Rural-urban migrant labourers' intentions to stay or return. Habitat International, 60, 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2016.12.008
18. Peprah, J. A., Kwesi Ofori, I., & Asomani, A. N. (2019). Financial development, remittances and economic growth: A threshold analysis. Cogent Economics & Finance, 7(1), 1625107. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2019.1625107
19. Ray, M., & Dutta, A. (2019). Economic reform, uneven regional development and internal migration in India. Migration and Development, 8(2), 281-300. https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2019.1570622
20. Rees, P., Bell, M., Kupiszewski, M., Kupiszewska, D., Ueffing, P., Bernard, A., Charles-Edwards, E. & Stillwell, J. (2017). The impact of internal migration on population redistribution: An international comparison. Population, Space and Place, 23(6), e2036. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2036
21. Ryazantsev, S., Bogdanov, I., Dobrokhleb, V., & Lukyanets, A. (2017). Migration from central Asian countries to Russia and Kazakhstan in the context of integration processes in the Eurasian economic union format. Central Asia and the Caucasus, 18(1), 39-49.
22. Skeldon, R. (2012). Migration transitions revisited: Their continued relevance for the development of migration theory. Population, Space and place, 18(2), 154-166. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.667
23. Stawarz, N., & Sander, N. (2019). The impact of internal migration on the spatial distribution of population in Germany over the period 1991-2017. Comparative Population Studies, 44. https://doi.org/10.12765/CPoS-2020-06
24. Timiryanova, V., Krasnoselskaya, D., Lakman, I., & Popov, D. (2021). Inter-and Intra-Regional Disparities in Russia: Factors of Uneven Economic Growth. Sustainability, 13(24), 13754. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413754
25. Tleuberdinova, A., Nurlanova, N., Andreyeva, G., & Alzhanova, F.G. (2024). Regional and sectoral wage disparities as a reflection of inequality: The case of Kazakhstan. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 22(4), 444-459. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.22(4).2024.33
26. You, S., Feng, Z., You, Z., Shi, H., & Zhao, G. (2023). Identification and structural characteristics of urban agglomerations in China based on Baidu migration data. Applied Geography, 156, 102999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2023.102999
27. Wang, X. R., Hui, E. C. M., & Sun, J. X. (2017). Population migration, urbanization and housing prices: Evidence from the cities in China. Habitat International, 66, 49-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2017.05.010
28. White, M. J., & Lindstrom, D. P. (2005). Internal migration. In Handbook of population (pp. 311-346). Boston, MA: Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-23106-4_12
29. Xu, F., Wang, Z., Chi, G., & Zhang, Z. (2020). The impacts of population and agglomeration development on land use intensity: New evidence behind urbanization in China. Land Use Policy, 95, 104639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104639
30. Zhapakov, S. M., Omirzhanov, Y. T., Maulen, A., Omirtay, R., & Azhinurina, D. A. (2020). Problems of employment and adaptation of repatriates and their influence on the internal labor migration in Kazakhstan. Human Systems Management, 39(2), 141-154. https://doi.org/10.3233/HSM-190626
31. Zharkynbekova, S., Tazhibayeva, S., Shakhputova, Z., Agabekova, Z., Azamatova, A., & Kuzar, Z. (2024). Transnational practices of Kazakh repatriates: the role of family in the adaptation of ethnic Kazakh students from Mongolia and China. Frontiers in Sociology, 9, 1452785. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2024.1452785
Review
For citations:
Jussibaliyeva A., Orynbet P., Parmanova R., Rysmakhanova G., Bermukhamedova G. The Impact of Internal Migration on the Economic Development of Kazakhstan’s Regions. Eurasian Journal of Economic and Business Studies. 2025;69(1):144–157. https://doi.org/10.47703/ejebs.v69i1.487
Views:
21
JATS XML
Email this article 