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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ejebs</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Eurasian Journal of Economic and Business Studies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Название журнала на русском</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2789-8253</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2789-8261</issn><publisher><publisher-name>University of International Business named after K. Sagadiyev LLP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47703/ejebs.v69i4.597</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ejebs-144</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Capital Income and Growth Dynamics as Determinants of Income Distribution:Evidence from Kazakhstan</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-8397</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spanov</surname><given-names>Magbat</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doc. Econ. (Sc.), Professor, Email: m-spanov@rambler.ru</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m-spanov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4048-9520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alibekova</surname><given-names>Ainura</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD candidate, Email: ainura_alibekova97@mail.ru</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ainura_alibekova97@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ospanakunovna</surname><given-names>Gulnar</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sc. (Econ.), Associate Professor, Email: bugub@mail.ru</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bugub@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4918-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Celik</surname><given-names>Saban</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor, Email: saban.celik@ikcu.edu.tr</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saban.celik@ikcu.edu.tr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="en">Al-Farabi atyndagi KazUU, Almaty<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="en">Kenzhegali Sagadiev University of International Business, Almaty<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="en">Almaty Technological University, Almaty<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="en">Izmir Kâtip Celebi University, Izmir<country>Turkey</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>134</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Spanov M., Alibekova A., Ospanakunovna G., Celik S., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Spanov M., Alibekova A., Ospanakunovna G., Celik S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Spanov M., Alibekova A., Ospanakunovna G., Celik S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ejebs.uib.kz/jour/article/view/144">https://ejebs.uib.kz/jour/article/view/144</self-uri><abstract><p> </p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Economy</kwd><kwd>Resource Economy</kwd><kwd>Income Economics</kwd><kwd>Distribution</kwd><kwd>Income Distribution</kwd><kwd>Income Concentration</kwd><kwd>Inequality</kwd><kwd>Labour Productivity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abatemarco, A., Lagomarsino, E., &amp; Spiganti, A. 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